Some Basic Questions on Hardware & Networking
1) What is CMOS battery?
Ans: CMOS battery is used on mother board for basic commands to boot, check system at startup, clock etc.
2) What is device manager?
Ans: Device Manager is an OS feature that lets you view and change the properties of all devices attached to your computer.
3) If the webcam in yahoo messenger is not working...what will you do?
Ans: Check whether the webcam is connected properly and check whether the drivers are installed properly.
4) What is IMAP?
Ans: Internet Message Access Protocol---a protocol for retrieving email messages'
5) What is SMTP?
Ans: Simple Mail transfer Protocol---a protocol for sending e-mail messages between servers.
6) Diff b/w GUI and CUI?
Ans: CUI is a short form Character User Interface; it means that you have to type commands to interact with your computer.
e.g. - In DOS for everything you have to type commands
GUI is a short form of Graphical User Interface, it means that you have no need to type commands to interact with your computer instead you have to click with the help of mouse on the icons of readymade commands
e.g. -Windows
7) Classification of windows vista?
Ans: Home, Basic, Premium, Business, Ultimate
8) Diff kinds of Operating system?
Ans: Windows 9x, 2000, XP, Vista, DOS,
9) What is system restore and system recovery?
Ans: System Restore: It is a component of OS that allows for the rolling back of system files, registry keys, installed programs, etc., to a previous state in the event of a failure Or getting back to Last Known Good Configuration of the computer.
System Recovery: System Recovery is a process when the computer has lots of problem with the software installed or with the operating system by sing system recovery we can get back to the factory default setting of the computer and it is possible only on branded computers like DELL, HP, etc…
10) Diff b/w DDR and SDR?
Ans: Double Data Rate, Single Data Rate. DDR transfers data twice the speed of SDR.
11) How can you go to safe mode?
Ans: By pressing F8 when system starts
12) DNS, DHCP, TCP/IP, POST, BIOS, SMPS?
Ans: Domain name system, Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, Power on self test, basic input/output system, switch mode power supply
13) No display when a comp is switched ON...what is the problem?
Ans: problem with display card, cable,
14) What is the use of firewall?
Ans: A firewall acts as a barrier between the public internet and your private computer or network and blocks threats including some viruses.
15) If Internet not accessible. What would you do?
Ans: Check cable, services, IP Address, Antivirus, firewall (on\off) automatic updates.
16) How to delete startup items?
Ans: Start-Programs-startup
17) How to go to registry files?
Ans: In run command, just type ‘Regedit’
18) How to disable software?
Ans: Control Panel add and remove programs.
19) What is the use of activation key?
Ans: Use to activate the particular software to full version.
20) How to change (edit) the boot up priority of the comp?
Ans: Start Run Msconfig Boot. INI options.
21) How to change the color of the monitor?
Ans: Right Click on desktop properties display properties.
22) Diff b/w router and a hub?
Ans: A router allows connectivity to one or more computers,
A hub is a device for connector multiple Ethernet devices (usually PCs) to form a single segment
23) What is the file system?
Method of storing and organizing files on disk, some of the common file systems are:
FAT and NTFS on windows systems and UFS and JFS and UNIX systems
24) Types of file system:
FAT16 – Windows 95 DOS
FAT 32 – used in 98, Windows XP, Windows Me
NTFS – used in Windows 2000 and Windows NT and Windows XP
25) How to DELETE temp internet files?
Ans: Tools Internet Options Delete Files and cookies.
26) What is diff b/w service pack 1 and 2 in windows XP?
Ans: A set of security technologies that help to improve the ability of Windows XP-based computers to withstand malicious attacks from viruses and worms. The technologies include additional network protection, memory protection, and improved computer maintenance
27) What are diff storage devices?
Ans: Hard drive, CD’s, DVD’s Blue ray Disk, Flash Drive, Pen drives ect…
28) When the PC is ON and the monitor is blank with the beep sound....what’s the problem??
Ans: VGA problem or RAM Problem.
29) When does u hear a long and short beep?
Ans: Problem with a processor and only long beep with a RAM
30) Static and dynamic IP?
Ans: Static IP is assign manually to each and every computer in a network when we configure network in DNS. Dynamic IP address is assigned automatically in a network when it is configured in DHCP.
31) What is a use of a bootable disc?
Ans: Bootable disc is used to get into command prompt without entering into windows 0r the operating system.
32) How to get into boot option?
Ans: when we turn on the computer we need to press Del key or it will display on the screen saying that press F2, F9 or F10 to get into boot settings, which will enter into bios settings. F11 key is used to get into Network booting.
33) How to get into safe mode?
Ans: we need to press F8 when we turn on the computer where we can see all the options like
1. Safe mode 2. Safe mode with network 3. Safe mode with CMD 4. Normal Mode
5. Last Known Good Configuration.
34) Last known good configuration:
Windows saves the registry data about the last time started and run properly
During windows startup press F8 key to access the startup menu.
Using the cursor keys, select last known good configuration.
35) What is a difference between safe mode and normal mode?
Ans: In safe mode network connection, audio, video drivers will not work if due to some software problem the system is not working properly we can get into safe and uninstall the software and we can get into normal mode.
Where as in normal mode we can use all the hardware and the drivers will function. Audio, video and network will function.
36) What will you do when system is not booing up?
Ans: Check the external connectivity of the computer (i.e.) Power Supply and power cords, check whether there is proper power supply available to the computer. Get into BIOS setting by Tapping Dell Key when you restart the computer and check the 1st booting device is selected as hard drive or not. If still unable to boot select CD-ROM drive as 1st booting device and boot from CD or DVD.
37) What is a Jumper Settings?
Ans: Jumper setting is used to connect the computer in master or slave and also we can change the hardware setting using jumper settings.
38) When was the last time you have opened the system Tower of the computer and why?
Ans: If you have opened it before say YES and explain why if not say NO.
Example for yes: to check my RAM as there was a Display Problem or To install the LAN card in my computer don’t forget that we have to install the Drivers when we install the LAN card.
39) How will you resolve the error” Page Not Found” or “Page not displayed”
Ans: Step 1: Check the external connectivity of the wires (Ethernet Cable) and connectivity with the server Machine.
Step 2: Ping the IP address of the default gate way and check whether there is connectivity or not and if you don’t know the IP address get into RUN command and type CMD and in DOS window type IPCONFIG and know the IP address and Default gateway of the computer and check.
Step3: Delete all the temporary Files and cookies from internet options which is available in Tools when you open the internet explorer.
40) When there is no electricity how will you remove CD from CD- ROM Drive?
Ans: On the Front panel of the CD- ROM drive we can see a Small Hole use a long Thin Pin and insert it in the hole which will open the CD- ROM drive and we can remove the CD and close it.
41) Difference between XP and VISTA:
Ans: The major Differences between Windows Xp & Vista are:
Bit locker Option available in Windows XP, No Bit locker option in Vista. Bit locker drive encryption, Bit locker on volume Prevents hard drive from hackers. Windows Vista has Windows Defender tool Windows XP has No Windows Defender tool available. It prevents from spyware & unwanted S/W installing on computer. Windows Vista has Parental control Feature Windows XP has No Parental control Feature. This option enables parents to restrict Children’s which sites, games .software to use & not, In Xp we have Start Button where as in Vista we have Windows Pearl Logo. In Xp if you open multiple windows we cannot see them at a time but in Vista it can be possible by using “Aero” effect. In Vista they have given a universal search bar through which we can search the data from any drive even if we do not remember the name of the file just by remembering the content we can search the file and it will displayed above the “All Programs”, but it is not possible in Xp operating system. There are lots of Graphic effects in Vista but not in XP.
42) Configuration of a Computer
Monitor: Samsung 17’’ Flatron
Samsung Keyboard and Mouse
Processor: 2.2 Core 2 duo
Mother Board: Intel Chipset Board
Ram: 2 Giga bytes
Hard Disk: 160 Giga Bytes
DVD read/write: Sony
UPS (Uniform Power Supply): ACP (Company Name) power supply
43) How do you install Xp operating system and what are the steps to install?
Ans: Normal Installation
Boot the CD
ENTER – SETUP
Create Partitions
Format the drive
Copy Files
Install Break OFF Point
DESKTOP will be displayed
44) OSI layers
Ans: There are seven OSI layers
Application Layer, Presentation Layer, Session Layer, Transport Layer, Network Layer, Data link Layer, Physical Layer
45) When was the last time you resolved an issue in your computer and what was it or repaired your computer and why?
Ans: My system was performing slowly so I cleaned all the temp files and unwanted software’s then I opened the tower (CPU) and cleaned all the dust which increased the performance of the computer. (OR) There was a Blue screen error message so I open the Tower (CPU) removed the RAM from the Slot and cleaned it then replaced the RAM from then it was functioning fine.
46) What will you do if audio is not coming in your computer?
Check the physical connectivity of Speakers.
Check whether the speakers are functioning fine or not.
Check the drivers in device manager if problem the uninstall the drivers and reinstall again.
47) Ram: (Random Access memory) is a type of data store used in computers. It is a primary memory of the computer. If the computer is switched off then the memory is lost.
48) Hard Disk: It is the secondary storage device it is the permanent memory and the memory is not lost if the computer is turned off.
49) Types of Ram :
RDRAM: (Rambus DRAM) is a type of synchronous dynamic RAM, designed by the Rambus Corporation.
SDRAM: Synchronous Dynamic random access memory.
DDR: Double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory.
50) How to install a printer?
If it a USB printer then connects to the USB port on the CPU and If it is an ordinary printer then connect to the parallel port.
Insert driver CD in to the CPU and install the drivers using wizard
Once driver is installed, Click on start –control panel – clicks printers.
Now click on Add printer – follow the wizard and install the printer
Now you would see the printer icon, print a test page and see if it works.
51) Router – A router is connected to two or more networks commonly two LANs or WANs or a LAN and its ISP’s network. A router is a computer networking device that forwards data packets, through a process known as routing.
52) Switch – is a hardware device that filters and forwards packets between LAN segments.
53) HUB –hubs are commonly used to connect segments of a LAN. A hub contains multiple ports.
When a packet arrives at one port, it is copied to the other ports so that all segments of the LAN can seal all packets.
54) Serial port – Circular port for keyboard and mouse.
55) USB port – (universal serial bus) – It is a port in the computer to connect USB devices like USB mouse. USB keyboard, USB printer etc and the latest version is 2.0
56) What is a device manager? How to check it?
Device manager has all the details of hardware devices connected to the computer ( which device is working and which is idol)
To check on device manager
Right click on my computer icon on desktop
Click properties
Click on hardware and click on device manager
And you will see the enter device configuration. There are different symbols that we can see in a device manager.
a. ?-> Drivers not installed
b. !-> Drivers conflict
c. X -> hardware malfunction or not in use.
57) What is internet?
Ans: A global network connecting millions of computer which forms one big network which operates worldwide using a common set of communication protocols.
58) What is BIOS?
Basic input output stream – It is a component of motherboard. It performs and operation POST (power on self test) which means – it will check if all the hardware connected to the system gets power.
59) How do you update BIOS:
BIOS can be updated by flashing it using the software downloaded from the internet?
60) What is DHCP and DNS?
Dynamic host configuration protocol, It is server which is used for assign IP address to the computers connected to it automatically. It is a Dynamic IP address
Domain Name System , we need to assign the IP address manually. It is a static Ip address.
61) CMOS: it is the battery on the motherboard which gives power supply to the BIOS.
62) How to check the basic settings on the computers or how to change the resolution?
Ans: Right click on the desktop->click properties-> click on settings
63) How to create users in the windows?
Ans: Click on start-> go to control panel-> click on user profiles-> click on create user.
64) How to change mouse settings?
Click on start -> click on settings -> control panel -> click on the mouse and the below
Screen will come up. You can change all the settings of the mouse in the below tabs.
65) Modem: it is hardware device used to change analog wave to digital signal and vice versa.
66) Difference between windows home and windows professional ?
Home Professional
Limited to 2 security levels Full user management and security policies
Remote desktop not available Remote desktop available
Encryption not available Encryption available
67) How to stop the services running in the computer?
Ans: Click start ->run -> type services.msc and press enter. The windows that open shows all the services running in the computer. We can start the any service by right click on the specific program.
68) MBR – Master Boot Record, it is used to boot the operating system.
Protocol it is the rules and regulation for sending information over the network.
69) Types of protocol:
TCP/IP- Transmission Control Protocol
SMTP – Simple mail transfer protocol – It is the protocol used to send mails
POP3 – post office protocol – it is the protocol used to receive mails
70) Components of mother board:
71) PCI bus slot, PCI Express Slots, keyboard controller, Intel chipset, input chipset, input output controller, power controller CMOS battery, BIOS, Ram Slots, Processor Slot,
72) IRQ – is hardware lines over which devices can send interrupt signals to the microprocessor. This specifies which interrupt line the device may use.
73) System restore: Restoring a computer to an earlier date when the system was working fine
Click on start -> Accessories-> systems tools -> system restore
74) How would you troubleshoot when there is no sound while playing music in computer?
Check if the speaker is getting power
Check if the cable is connected to the computer
Check if the speaker volume is not in mute
Try playing using other software
Check if the sound card driver are installed properly in the device manager
Replace the sound card
75) Version of windows operating system
Windows 95, 98, ME, NT, 2000, XP, vista and Windows7.
76) Kinds of network and networking devices used
LAN – local area network
WAN- wide area network
MAN - Metropolitan are network
Networking devices:
HUB – hubs are commonly used to connect to LAN. A hub contains multiple ports when a packet arrives at one port; it is copied to the other ports so that all segments of the lan can see all packets.
Switch – is a hardware device that filters and forwards packets between LAN segments
Router – It is a devices used to connect network of network.
77) Virtual Memory: it is used for increasing the speed of the computer. We can change the virtual memory by going to computer management in control panel.
78) How to go to control panel?
Click start -> settings -> control panel.
79) What is firewall?
Which Protects the computer from unauthorized users
80) IP address?
Ans: Unique address given to the computer to get identified in the network.
81) IDE: Integrated Drive Electronics
The example of IDE devices are hard disk, CD Rom, DVD R|W etc. There will be an IDE port on the Motherboard to which the IDE devices are connected using the IDE cables.
82) What Are the devices needed to connect to internet?
Phone line, Modem, Internet connection from the service provider
83) CMOS: Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
84) What are Cookies?
Cookies are temporary internet files which get downloaded when we open WebPages.
85) How to delete cookies?
Open internet explorer -> click on tools -> Internet Options -> delete cookies.
86) VPN
Virtual Private Networking. This is software used to tunnel into intranet
87) What are the file systems used by the operating system to boot?
MSDOS SYS, AUTOEXEC PAT, MBR
88) Internal and external components of the computer?
Internal: Mother Board, Processor, RAM, Hard disk, CDROM, Floppy Drive and SMPS
External: Mouse, Keyboard, monitor, Speakers, Etc…
89) Static And Dynamic IP address?
Static: The IP Address of the computer will not change or it’s a manual assigned IP address to the computer.
Dynamic: The IP Address of the computer keeps changing whenever the system is restarted.
90) What is BIOS?
91) Basic Input Output System, it is a small chip on the mother board which is used to save the date and time of the computer and hardware settings of the computer.
92) What is Post?
Power on self test. When the system is turned on the first process is post which check all the hardware connected to the computer.
93) What is the difference between PCI and PCI Express slots?
PCI slots are used for inserting internal devices like Lan cards, Modems, VGA and AGP cards where as PCI Express slots are used for using Graphic cards
PCI Express standard comes in version 1.0 and Version 2.0.
94) Different Manufactures of graphic cards
GIGABYTE nVidia GeForce, ASUS nVidia GeForce (ATI and Nvedia Gforce) are popular graphic card manufacturers and suppliers in the market.
Example model:
GIGABYTE ATI Radeon HD4670 1GB DDR3 VGA/DVI/HDMI PCI-Express Video Card
95) How do you change the font size of the internet explorer?
Press and hold Ctrl Key and roll the scroll wheel of the mouse.
96) If we cannot boot the operating system what will you do? How would you troubleshoot?
Restart the computer
97) Difference between 98 and XP operating system?
Xp has safe mode option.
XP has System Restore option but 98 do not have that option
XP has plug and play, which means you can connect hardware when windows is running.
XP will recognize the hardware but 98 will not and XP has inbuilt firewall 98 doesn’t have.
If any new hardware has been connected to the computer then remove it. It could be creating the issue.
Try starting the computer in safe mode
Uninstall the new software’s which were installed in the computer that could be creating the issue. We can remove software by going to start -> control panel -> add and remove programs.
98) What are the components available on the mother board?
Ans: PCI Slots, PCI Express slots, RAM slots, Processor slot, Motherboard chipset, BIOS Chip, CMOS Battery, IDE ports, SATA Ports, these components are on the board. Components available at the back side of the CPU are Com Ports, Serial ports (PS/2 Keyboard and Mouse) Parallel ports (15 pin male connector) used for connecting printer in a network or connecting external storage device. VGA port ( 15 pin female connector) AGP card ( 3 pins pink (mic), Green (output), blue (line IN)), LAN port or Ethernet port or RJ45(LAN port) or RJ11(Telephone port), Printer port(25 pin female connector).
99) What is HDMI and DIVX technology?
HDMI stands for High Definition multimedia interface it is a Data cable or a port used in A/V equipment for transmission of video and audio. It is a digital transmission as opposed to an analog one. The High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) is a compact audio/video connector interface for transmitting uncompressed digital streams. It represents a digital alternative to consumer analog standards such as Radio Frequency (RF) coaxial cable, composite video, S-Video, SCART, component video, D-Terminal, and VGA. HDMI connects digital audio/video sources such as set-top boxes, Blu-ray Disc players, personal computers, video game consoles, and AV receivers to compatible digital audio devices, computer monitors, and digital televisions.
DivX® is a technology to compress and playback video files. DivX® has become the most popular MPEG-4 compatible video compression technology on the market due to its very high compression ratio which enables DVD-quality video and audio at typically 7-10 times smaller storage requirements than standard DVD/Mpeg2 compression technology.
100) What is a RAID Technology?
Redundant array of inexpensive disks (RAID) is the technology of grouping several physical drives in a computer into an array that you can define as one or more logical drives. Each logical drive appears to the operating system as a single drive. This grouping technique greatly enhances logical-drive capacity and performance beyond the physical limitations of a single physical drive.
When you group multiple physical drives into a logical drive, the ServeRAID controller can transfer data in parallel from the multiple drives in the array. This parallel transfer yields data-transfer rates that are many times higher than with nonarrayed drives. This increased speed makes the system better able to meet the throughput (the amount of data processed in a given amount of time) or productivity needs of the multiple-user network environment.
The ability to respond to multiple data requests provides not only an increase in throughput, but also a decrease in response time. The combination of parallel transfers and simultaneous responses to multiple requests enables disk arrays to provide a high level of performance in network environments
101) What is SLI Technology?
Scalable Link Interface (SLI) is a brand name for a multi-GPU solution developed by Nvidia for linking two or more video cards together to produce a single output. SLI is an application of parallel processing for computer graphics, meant to increase the processing power available for graphics.
102) What is DVI?
The Digital Visual Interface (DVI) is a video interface standard designed to provide very high visual quality on digital display devices such as flat panel LCD computer displays and digital projectors. It was developed by an industry consortium, the Digital Display Working Group (DDWG). It is designed for carrying uncompressed digital video data to a display. It is partially compatible with the High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) standard in digital mode (DVI-D), and VGA in analog mode (DVI-A).
103) Difference between SATA and IDE?
SATA is serial ATA (Advance technology Attachment) it is advance of PATA (Parallel ATA) in SATA hard disk the data will be transferred serial where as in PATA the data will be transferred Parallel but when it comes to cost PATA hard disk are more expensive than SATA because of the performance.
104) Blue screen error message
If you have an issue with the Ram we will have Blue screen error message. First we need to identify whether it’s an issue with hardware or with the software. If it is an issue with the hardware remove the RAM and clean the slot and replace the RAM if still not working need to replace the New Ram. If still have the same issue even it would be the problem with the software. Try checking whether any new software or an application is installed or not if it is installed in your computer uninstall the software and restart the computer. Some software requires more physical memory if it is not then the software might be giving more load on the RAM.
105) System showing black screen when turned on.
Check the first booting device in CMOS setting. If the operating system is already installed in the computer always the 1st booting device should be HDD or else if we are booting the operating system from CD need to check that 1st booting device should be CD-ROM drive.
This issue will occur during the boot process after the pre booting before getting in to the post booting it has to identify the operating system where exactly it is located if the hardware can not find the operating system then it may show “BOOT DISK FAILURE” or a blank screen with a Curser trying to locate for OS. Some times even some files are missing and the operating system is unable to locate those file during the boot process we will experience the same issue.
106) Troubleshoot tools in Vista
Check in http://www.5starsupport.com/tutorial/basic-vista-troubleshooting.htm
System restore
CHkdsk
Memory diagnostic tools
1) What is CMOS battery?
Ans: CMOS battery is used on mother board for basic commands to boot, check system at startup, clock etc.
2) What is device manager?
Ans: Device Manager is an OS feature that lets you view and change the properties of all devices attached to your computer.
3) If the webcam in yahoo messenger is not working...what will you do?
Ans: Check whether the webcam is connected properly and check whether the drivers are installed properly.
4) What is IMAP?
Ans: Internet Message Access Protocol---a protocol for retrieving email messages'
5) What is SMTP?
Ans: Simple Mail transfer Protocol---a protocol for sending e-mail messages between servers.
6) Diff b/w GUI and CUI?
Ans: CUI is a short form Character User Interface; it means that you have to type commands to interact with your computer.
e.g. - In DOS for everything you have to type commands
GUI is a short form of Graphical User Interface, it means that you have no need to type commands to interact with your computer instead you have to click with the help of mouse on the icons of readymade commands
e.g. -Windows
7) Classification of windows vista?
Ans: Home, Basic, Premium, Business, Ultimate
8) Diff kinds of Operating system?
Ans: Windows 9x, 2000, XP, Vista, DOS,
9) What is system restore and system recovery?
Ans: System Restore: It is a component of OS that allows for the rolling back of system files, registry keys, installed programs, etc., to a previous state in the event of a failure Or getting back to Last Known Good Configuration of the computer.
System Recovery: System Recovery is a process when the computer has lots of problem with the software installed or with the operating system by sing system recovery we can get back to the factory default setting of the computer and it is possible only on branded computers like DELL, HP, etc…
10) Diff b/w DDR and SDR?
Ans: Double Data Rate, Single Data Rate. DDR transfers data twice the speed of SDR.
11) How can you go to safe mode?
Ans: By pressing F8 when system starts
12) DNS, DHCP, TCP/IP, POST, BIOS, SMPS?
Ans: Domain name system, Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, Power on self test, basic input/output system, switch mode power supply
13) No display when a comp is switched ON...what is the problem?
Ans: problem with display card, cable,
14) What is the use of firewall?
Ans: A firewall acts as a barrier between the public internet and your private computer or network and blocks threats including some viruses.
15) If Internet not accessible. What would you do?
Ans: Check cable, services, IP Address, Antivirus, firewall (on\off) automatic updates.
16) How to delete startup items?
Ans: Start-Programs-startup
17) How to go to registry files?
Ans: In run command, just type ‘Regedit’
18) How to disable software?
Ans: Control Panel add and remove programs.
19) What is the use of activation key?
Ans: Use to activate the particular software to full version.
20) How to change (edit) the boot up priority of the comp?
Ans: Start Run Msconfig Boot. INI options.
21) How to change the color of the monitor?
Ans: Right Click on desktop properties display properties.
22) Diff b/w router and a hub?
Ans: A router allows connectivity to one or more computers,
A hub is a device for connector multiple Ethernet devices (usually PCs) to form a single segment
23) What is the file system?
Method of storing and organizing files on disk, some of the common file systems are:
FAT and NTFS on windows systems and UFS and JFS and UNIX systems
24) Types of file system:
FAT16 – Windows 95 DOS
FAT 32 – used in 98, Windows XP, Windows Me
NTFS – used in Windows 2000 and Windows NT and Windows XP
25) How to DELETE temp internet files?
Ans: Tools Internet Options Delete Files and cookies.
26) What is diff b/w service pack 1 and 2 in windows XP?
Ans: A set of security technologies that help to improve the ability of Windows XP-based computers to withstand malicious attacks from viruses and worms. The technologies include additional network protection, memory protection, and improved computer maintenance
27) What are diff storage devices?
Ans: Hard drive, CD’s, DVD’s Blue ray Disk, Flash Drive, Pen drives ect…
28) When the PC is ON and the monitor is blank with the beep sound....what’s the problem??
Ans: VGA problem or RAM Problem.
29) When does u hear a long and short beep?
Ans: Problem with a processor and only long beep with a RAM
30) Static and dynamic IP?
Ans: Static IP is assign manually to each and every computer in a network when we configure network in DNS. Dynamic IP address is assigned automatically in a network when it is configured in DHCP.
31) What is a use of a bootable disc?
Ans: Bootable disc is used to get into command prompt without entering into windows 0r the operating system.
32) How to get into boot option?
Ans: when we turn on the computer we need to press Del key or it will display on the screen saying that press F2, F9 or F10 to get into boot settings, which will enter into bios settings. F11 key is used to get into Network booting.
33) How to get into safe mode?
Ans: we need to press F8 when we turn on the computer where we can see all the options like
1. Safe mode 2. Safe mode with network 3. Safe mode with CMD 4. Normal Mode
5. Last Known Good Configuration.
34) Last known good configuration:
Windows saves the registry data about the last time started and run properly
During windows startup press F8 key to access the startup menu.
Using the cursor keys, select last known good configuration.
35) What is a difference between safe mode and normal mode?
Ans: In safe mode network connection, audio, video drivers will not work if due to some software problem the system is not working properly we can get into safe and uninstall the software and we can get into normal mode.
Where as in normal mode we can use all the hardware and the drivers will function. Audio, video and network will function.
36) What will you do when system is not booing up?
Ans: Check the external connectivity of the computer (i.e.) Power Supply and power cords, check whether there is proper power supply available to the computer. Get into BIOS setting by Tapping Dell Key when you restart the computer and check the 1st booting device is selected as hard drive or not. If still unable to boot select CD-ROM drive as 1st booting device and boot from CD or DVD.
37) What is a Jumper Settings?
Ans: Jumper setting is used to connect the computer in master or slave and also we can change the hardware setting using jumper settings.
38) When was the last time you have opened the system Tower of the computer and why?
Ans: If you have opened it before say YES and explain why if not say NO.
Example for yes: to check my RAM as there was a Display Problem or To install the LAN card in my computer don’t forget that we have to install the Drivers when we install the LAN card.
39) How will you resolve the error” Page Not Found” or “Page not displayed”
Ans: Step 1: Check the external connectivity of the wires (Ethernet Cable) and connectivity with the server Machine.
Step 2: Ping the IP address of the default gate way and check whether there is connectivity or not and if you don’t know the IP address get into RUN command and type CMD and in DOS window type IPCONFIG and know the IP address and Default gateway of the computer and check.
Step3: Delete all the temporary Files and cookies from internet options which is available in Tools when you open the internet explorer.
40) When there is no electricity how will you remove CD from CD- ROM Drive?
Ans: On the Front panel of the CD- ROM drive we can see a Small Hole use a long Thin Pin and insert it in the hole which will open the CD- ROM drive and we can remove the CD and close it.
41) Difference between XP and VISTA:
Ans: The major Differences between Windows Xp & Vista are:
Bit locker Option available in Windows XP, No Bit locker option in Vista. Bit locker drive encryption, Bit locker on volume Prevents hard drive from hackers. Windows Vista has Windows Defender tool Windows XP has No Windows Defender tool available. It prevents from spyware & unwanted S/W installing on computer. Windows Vista has Parental control Feature Windows XP has No Parental control Feature. This option enables parents to restrict Children’s which sites, games .software to use & not, In Xp we have Start Button where as in Vista we have Windows Pearl Logo. In Xp if you open multiple windows we cannot see them at a time but in Vista it can be possible by using “Aero” effect. In Vista they have given a universal search bar through which we can search the data from any drive even if we do not remember the name of the file just by remembering the content we can search the file and it will displayed above the “All Programs”, but it is not possible in Xp operating system. There are lots of Graphic effects in Vista but not in XP.
42) Configuration of a Computer
Monitor: Samsung 17’’ Flatron
Samsung Keyboard and Mouse
Processor: 2.2 Core 2 duo
Mother Board: Intel Chipset Board
Ram: 2 Giga bytes
Hard Disk: 160 Giga Bytes
DVD read/write: Sony
UPS (Uniform Power Supply): ACP (Company Name) power supply
43) How do you install Xp operating system and what are the steps to install?
Ans: Normal Installation
Boot the CD
ENTER – SETUP
Create Partitions
Format the drive
Copy Files
Install Break OFF Point
DESKTOP will be displayed
44) OSI layers
Ans: There are seven OSI layers
Application Layer, Presentation Layer, Session Layer, Transport Layer, Network Layer, Data link Layer, Physical Layer
45) When was the last time you resolved an issue in your computer and what was it or repaired your computer and why?
Ans: My system was performing slowly so I cleaned all the temp files and unwanted software’s then I opened the tower (CPU) and cleaned all the dust which increased the performance of the computer. (OR) There was a Blue screen error message so I open the Tower (CPU) removed the RAM from the Slot and cleaned it then replaced the RAM from then it was functioning fine.
46) What will you do if audio is not coming in your computer?
Check the physical connectivity of Speakers.
Check whether the speakers are functioning fine or not.
Check the drivers in device manager if problem the uninstall the drivers and reinstall again.
47) Ram: (Random Access memory) is a type of data store used in computers. It is a primary memory of the computer. If the computer is switched off then the memory is lost.
48) Hard Disk: It is the secondary storage device it is the permanent memory and the memory is not lost if the computer is turned off.
49) Types of Ram :
RDRAM: (Rambus DRAM) is a type of synchronous dynamic RAM, designed by the Rambus Corporation.
SDRAM: Synchronous Dynamic random access memory.
DDR: Double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory.
50) How to install a printer?
If it a USB printer then connects to the USB port on the CPU and If it is an ordinary printer then connect to the parallel port.
Insert driver CD in to the CPU and install the drivers using wizard
Once driver is installed, Click on start –control panel – clicks printers.
Now click on Add printer – follow the wizard and install the printer
Now you would see the printer icon, print a test page and see if it works.
51) Router – A router is connected to two or more networks commonly two LANs or WANs or a LAN and its ISP’s network. A router is a computer networking device that forwards data packets, through a process known as routing.
52) Switch – is a hardware device that filters and forwards packets between LAN segments.
53) HUB –hubs are commonly used to connect segments of a LAN. A hub contains multiple ports.
When a packet arrives at one port, it is copied to the other ports so that all segments of the LAN can seal all packets.
54) Serial port – Circular port for keyboard and mouse.
55) USB port – (universal serial bus) – It is a port in the computer to connect USB devices like USB mouse. USB keyboard, USB printer etc and the latest version is 2.0
56) What is a device manager? How to check it?
Device manager has all the details of hardware devices connected to the computer ( which device is working and which is idol)
To check on device manager
Right click on my computer icon on desktop
Click properties
Click on hardware and click on device manager
And you will see the enter device configuration. There are different symbols that we can see in a device manager.
a. ?-> Drivers not installed
b. !-> Drivers conflict
c. X -> hardware malfunction or not in use.
57) What is internet?
Ans: A global network connecting millions of computer which forms one big network which operates worldwide using a common set of communication protocols.
58) What is BIOS?
Basic input output stream – It is a component of motherboard. It performs and operation POST (power on self test) which means – it will check if all the hardware connected to the system gets power.
59) How do you update BIOS:
BIOS can be updated by flashing it using the software downloaded from the internet?
60) What is DHCP and DNS?
Dynamic host configuration protocol, It is server which is used for assign IP address to the computers connected to it automatically. It is a Dynamic IP address
Domain Name System , we need to assign the IP address manually. It is a static Ip address.
61) CMOS: it is the battery on the motherboard which gives power supply to the BIOS.
62) How to check the basic settings on the computers or how to change the resolution?
Ans: Right click on the desktop->click properties-> click on settings
63) How to create users in the windows?
Ans: Click on start-> go to control panel-> click on user profiles-> click on create user.
64) How to change mouse settings?
Click on start -> click on settings -> control panel -> click on the mouse and the below
Screen will come up. You can change all the settings of the mouse in the below tabs.
65) Modem: it is hardware device used to change analog wave to digital signal and vice versa.
66) Difference between windows home and windows professional ?
Home Professional
Limited to 2 security levels Full user management and security policies
Remote desktop not available Remote desktop available
Encryption not available Encryption available
67) How to stop the services running in the computer?
Ans: Click start ->run -> type services.msc and press enter. The windows that open shows all the services running in the computer. We can start the any service by right click on the specific program.
68) MBR – Master Boot Record, it is used to boot the operating system.
Protocol it is the rules and regulation for sending information over the network.
69) Types of protocol:
TCP/IP- Transmission Control Protocol
SMTP – Simple mail transfer protocol – It is the protocol used to send mails
POP3 – post office protocol – it is the protocol used to receive mails
70) Components of mother board:
71) PCI bus slot, PCI Express Slots, keyboard controller, Intel chipset, input chipset, input output controller, power controller CMOS battery, BIOS, Ram Slots, Processor Slot,
72) IRQ – is hardware lines over which devices can send interrupt signals to the microprocessor. This specifies which interrupt line the device may use.
73) System restore: Restoring a computer to an earlier date when the system was working fine
Click on start -> Accessories-> systems tools -> system restore
74) How would you troubleshoot when there is no sound while playing music in computer?
Check if the speaker is getting power
Check if the cable is connected to the computer
Check if the speaker volume is not in mute
Try playing using other software
Check if the sound card driver are installed properly in the device manager
Replace the sound card
75) Version of windows operating system
Windows 95, 98, ME, NT, 2000, XP, vista and Windows7.
76) Kinds of network and networking devices used
LAN – local area network
WAN- wide area network
MAN - Metropolitan are network
Networking devices:
HUB – hubs are commonly used to connect to LAN. A hub contains multiple ports when a packet arrives at one port; it is copied to the other ports so that all segments of the lan can see all packets.
Switch – is a hardware device that filters and forwards packets between LAN segments
Router – It is a devices used to connect network of network.
77) Virtual Memory: it is used for increasing the speed of the computer. We can change the virtual memory by going to computer management in control panel.
78) How to go to control panel?
Click start -> settings -> control panel.
79) What is firewall?
Which Protects the computer from unauthorized users
80) IP address?
Ans: Unique address given to the computer to get identified in the network.
81) IDE: Integrated Drive Electronics
The example of IDE devices are hard disk, CD Rom, DVD R|W etc. There will be an IDE port on the Motherboard to which the IDE devices are connected using the IDE cables.
82) What Are the devices needed to connect to internet?
Phone line, Modem, Internet connection from the service provider
83) CMOS: Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
84) What are Cookies?
Cookies are temporary internet files which get downloaded when we open WebPages.
85) How to delete cookies?
Open internet explorer -> click on tools -> Internet Options -> delete cookies.
86) VPN
Virtual Private Networking. This is software used to tunnel into intranet
87) What are the file systems used by the operating system to boot?
MSDOS SYS, AUTOEXEC PAT, MBR
88) Internal and external components of the computer?
Internal: Mother Board, Processor, RAM, Hard disk, CDROM, Floppy Drive and SMPS
External: Mouse, Keyboard, monitor, Speakers, Etc…
89) Static And Dynamic IP address?
Static: The IP Address of the computer will not change or it’s a manual assigned IP address to the computer.
Dynamic: The IP Address of the computer keeps changing whenever the system is restarted.
90) What is BIOS?
91) Basic Input Output System, it is a small chip on the mother board which is used to save the date and time of the computer and hardware settings of the computer.
92) What is Post?
Power on self test. When the system is turned on the first process is post which check all the hardware connected to the computer.
93) What is the difference between PCI and PCI Express slots?
PCI slots are used for inserting internal devices like Lan cards, Modems, VGA and AGP cards where as PCI Express slots are used for using Graphic cards
PCI Express standard comes in version 1.0 and Version 2.0.
94) Different Manufactures of graphic cards
GIGABYTE nVidia GeForce, ASUS nVidia GeForce (ATI and Nvedia Gforce) are popular graphic card manufacturers and suppliers in the market.
Example model:
GIGABYTE ATI Radeon HD4670 1GB DDR3 VGA/DVI/HDMI PCI-Express Video Card
95) How do you change the font size of the internet explorer?
Press and hold Ctrl Key and roll the scroll wheel of the mouse.
96) If we cannot boot the operating system what will you do? How would you troubleshoot?
Restart the computer
97) Difference between 98 and XP operating system?
Xp has safe mode option.
XP has System Restore option but 98 do not have that option
XP has plug and play, which means you can connect hardware when windows is running.
XP will recognize the hardware but 98 will not and XP has inbuilt firewall 98 doesn’t have.
If any new hardware has been connected to the computer then remove it. It could be creating the issue.
Try starting the computer in safe mode
Uninstall the new software’s which were installed in the computer that could be creating the issue. We can remove software by going to start -> control panel -> add and remove programs.
98) What are the components available on the mother board?
Ans: PCI Slots, PCI Express slots, RAM slots, Processor slot, Motherboard chipset, BIOS Chip, CMOS Battery, IDE ports, SATA Ports, these components are on the board. Components available at the back side of the CPU are Com Ports, Serial ports (PS/2 Keyboard and Mouse) Parallel ports (15 pin male connector) used for connecting printer in a network or connecting external storage device. VGA port ( 15 pin female connector) AGP card ( 3 pins pink (mic), Green (output), blue (line IN)), LAN port or Ethernet port or RJ45(LAN port) or RJ11(Telephone port), Printer port(25 pin female connector).
99) What is HDMI and DIVX technology?
HDMI stands for High Definition multimedia interface it is a Data cable or a port used in A/V equipment for transmission of video and audio. It is a digital transmission as opposed to an analog one. The High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) is a compact audio/video connector interface for transmitting uncompressed digital streams. It represents a digital alternative to consumer analog standards such as Radio Frequency (RF) coaxial cable, composite video, S-Video, SCART, component video, D-Terminal, and VGA. HDMI connects digital audio/video sources such as set-top boxes, Blu-ray Disc players, personal computers, video game consoles, and AV receivers to compatible digital audio devices, computer monitors, and digital televisions.
DivX® is a technology to compress and playback video files. DivX® has become the most popular MPEG-4 compatible video compression technology on the market due to its very high compression ratio which enables DVD-quality video and audio at typically 7-10 times smaller storage requirements than standard DVD/Mpeg2 compression technology.
100) What is a RAID Technology?
Redundant array of inexpensive disks (RAID) is the technology of grouping several physical drives in a computer into an array that you can define as one or more logical drives. Each logical drive appears to the operating system as a single drive. This grouping technique greatly enhances logical-drive capacity and performance beyond the physical limitations of a single physical drive.
When you group multiple physical drives into a logical drive, the ServeRAID controller can transfer data in parallel from the multiple drives in the array. This parallel transfer yields data-transfer rates that are many times higher than with nonarrayed drives. This increased speed makes the system better able to meet the throughput (the amount of data processed in a given amount of time) or productivity needs of the multiple-user network environment.
The ability to respond to multiple data requests provides not only an increase in throughput, but also a decrease in response time. The combination of parallel transfers and simultaneous responses to multiple requests enables disk arrays to provide a high level of performance in network environments
101) What is SLI Technology?
Scalable Link Interface (SLI) is a brand name for a multi-GPU solution developed by Nvidia for linking two or more video cards together to produce a single output. SLI is an application of parallel processing for computer graphics, meant to increase the processing power available for graphics.
102) What is DVI?
The Digital Visual Interface (DVI) is a video interface standard designed to provide very high visual quality on digital display devices such as flat panel LCD computer displays and digital projectors. It was developed by an industry consortium, the Digital Display Working Group (DDWG). It is designed for carrying uncompressed digital video data to a display. It is partially compatible with the High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) standard in digital mode (DVI-D), and VGA in analog mode (DVI-A).
103) Difference between SATA and IDE?
SATA is serial ATA (Advance technology Attachment) it is advance of PATA (Parallel ATA) in SATA hard disk the data will be transferred serial where as in PATA the data will be transferred Parallel but when it comes to cost PATA hard disk are more expensive than SATA because of the performance.
104) Blue screen error message
If you have an issue with the Ram we will have Blue screen error message. First we need to identify whether it’s an issue with hardware or with the software. If it is an issue with the hardware remove the RAM and clean the slot and replace the RAM if still not working need to replace the New Ram. If still have the same issue even it would be the problem with the software. Try checking whether any new software or an application is installed or not if it is installed in your computer uninstall the software and restart the computer. Some software requires more physical memory if it is not then the software might be giving more load on the RAM.
105) System showing black screen when turned on.
Check the first booting device in CMOS setting. If the operating system is already installed in the computer always the 1st booting device should be HDD or else if we are booting the operating system from CD need to check that 1st booting device should be CD-ROM drive.
This issue will occur during the boot process after the pre booting before getting in to the post booting it has to identify the operating system where exactly it is located if the hardware can not find the operating system then it may show “BOOT DISK FAILURE” or a blank screen with a Curser trying to locate for OS. Some times even some files are missing and the operating system is unable to locate those file during the boot process we will experience the same issue.
106) Troubleshoot tools in Vista
Check in http://www.5starsupport.com/tutorial/basic-vista-troubleshooting.htm
System restore
CHkdsk
Memory diagnostic tools
